Design and Implementation of Intelligent Monitoring Collar for Potential Patients with Viral Pneumonia Based on DA14699 Chip / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to improve the level of epidemic prevention and control, and strengthen the observation and monitoring of potential patients with viral pneumonia in isolated state, a medical intelligent monitoring collar based on DA14699 Bluetooth low-power chip was proposed. DA14699 chip is used as the main controller in the design scheme, and the temperature, cough and location information of potential patients are recorded and analyzed by its high-efficiency wireless multi-core processing ability. The LIS3DH three-axis acceleration sensor is used to judge the cough symptoms. The MLX90640 infrared sensor is used to continuously measure the body temperature. The L218 four frequency GSM / GPRS positioning module is used to complete the rapid and accurate positioning of personnel, so as to realize the comprehensive supervision of the implementation of home isolation measures. DA14699 chip supports Bluetooth BLE5.1 protocol. Epidemic prevention personnel can transmit and read the data recorded in the smart collar from a long distance, and display it directly on the intelligent Bluetooth handheld terminal, effectively avoid the risk of infection caused by close contact. Through the actual test, the monitoring function of the key parameters of the collar is reliable and has high application value.

The diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in neonatal infectious pneumonia / 中国小儿急救医学

The lung ultrasound develops rapidly in recent years. We investigated the ultrasonic diag-nostic value of neonatal infectious pneumonia on the basis of our experience in diagnosing adults′ and chil-dren′s infectious pneumonia. The result confirms the reliability and effectiveness of lung ultrasound in diagno-sing neonatal infectious pneumonia. We believe that the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound will be im-proved a lot with the popularization of lung ultrasound, in combination with the supervision of patients′con-ditions as well as routine clinical diagnosis and treatment procedures.

Study on distribution and drug resistance of sputum culture pathogens in child infectious pneumonia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the composition ,distribution and drug resistance change of sputum cul-ture pathogenic bacteria .Methods The clinical data in 4502 children patients with infectious pneumonia trea-ted in the branch hospital of the Urumqi Municipal First People′s Hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively and statistically analyzed on the distribution ,composition and drug resistance of dif-ferent bacterial species in sputum culture pathogenic bacteria ,pathogenic bacterial composition and drug re-sistance of major pathogens in different years ,and selection of empirical antibacterial medication treatment scheme .Results Among 4502 cases of infectious pneumonia ,1801 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isola-ted from the sputum culture ,including 1026 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 775 strains of gram negative bacteria .There was no statistically significant difference in the pathogens composition among different years (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The pathogens composition change from sputum culture in child infectious pneumonia is unconspicuous ,but the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is gradually enhanced ,it is necessary to pay close attention to the pathogenic bacterial spectrum of child infectious pneumonia and its drug resistance trend for guiding the medication and treatment .

Detection of Inflammatory Factors, ECP, EOS, IgE, VEGF and Its Receptors in Children with Infectious Pneumonia / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To analyse the clinical significance of (IL-5),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-8 (IL-8),eosinophil cationic protein (ECP),eosinophil (EOS),immunoglobulin E (IgE),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor in serum of children with infectious pneumonia.Methods 80 children with infectious pneumonia were enrolled in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2016 to March 2017,and were included in the observation group.According to the pathogen type,these children in the observation group were divided into virus group,mycoplasma infection group and bacterial infection group.At the same time,30 healthy children were selected as the control group.The levels of TNF-α,IL-5,IL-6,IL-8,ECP,VEGF,VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The levels of EOS in blood were measured by automatic blood cell analyzer and the level of lgE in serum was detected by immunoturbidimetric turbidimetric assay.Results The levels of TNF-α,IL-5,IL-6,IL-8,ECP,VEGF,VEGF-R1,VEGF-R2,EOS and IgE in the blood of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=2.325 ～ 3.593,all P＜0.05).The levels of TNF-α,IL-5,IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of the bacterial infection group were significantly higher than those in the virus group and mycoplasma group (all P＜0.05).The levels of VEGF,VEGF-1 and VEGF-R2 in serum of patients with mycoplasma infection were significantly higher than those in the group of bacterial infection and virus infection (all P＜0.05).Serum IgE levels and the number of peripheral blood EOS in the bacterial infection group,viral infection group and mycoplasma infection group had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-5,IL-6 and IL-8 can be used as markers for bacterial infectious pneumonia and viral infectious pneumonia and mycoplasma infectious pneumonia.

Clinical analysis of neonatal Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of neonatal Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia (CTP). Method The clinical data of neonatal MPP and CTP which diagnosis was confirmed from January 2013 to December 2016 were analyzed, and the newborns with other infectious pneumonia were selected as controls of MPP group and CTP group respectively according to the matching standard. Results There were 44 cases in MPP group, 30 cases in CTP group, 88 cases in MPP control group and 60 cases in CTP control group. In 44 cases of MPP group, 17 cases had the history of contact with respiratory infection patients (38.6％), 44 cases had cough (100.0％), 16 cases had fever (36.4％), 16 cases had diarrhea (36.4％), 10 cases had respiratory failure (22.7％), 9 cases had type II respiratory failure (20.5％), 4 cases had segmental consolidation (9.1％) and 5 cases had interstitial change (11.4％). The incidence rates above were higher than those in its control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the 30 cases of CTP group, 26 cases were vaginal delivery (86.7％), 11 cases had premature rupture of membranes (36.7％), 28 cases had cyanosis (93.3％), 13 cases had diarrhea (43.3％), and 11 cases had eye secretion (36.7％). The incidence rates above were higher than those in the control group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The proportion of vaginal delivery in CTP group was higher than that in MPP group, and the proportion of patients with the history of contact with respiratory tract infection patients was lower than that in MPP group , and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Fever, cough, anhelation and fine wet rales were more common in MPP group than those in CTP group, and cyanosis and eye secretion were more common in CTP group than those in MPP group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Patients in MPP group and CTP group were treated with macrolide antibiotics, and all of them were improved and discharged without any death. Conclusion Neonatal MPP is more susceptible to fever, cough, anhelation and fine wet rale in the lungs. The neonatal CTP is more likely to have cyanosis and eye secretions. Macrolide antibiotics can be used in both of them, and the prognosis is good.

Factors associated with pulmonary toxicity after myeloablative conditioning using fractionated total body irradiation

PURPOSE: Pulmonary toxicities, including infectious pneumonia (IP) and idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), are serious side effects of total body irradiation (TBI) used for myeloablative conditioning. This study aimed to evaluate clinical factors associated with IP and IPS following TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent TBI before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2005 and 2014 were reviewed. Most patients (91%) received 12 Gy in 1.5 Gy fractions twice a day. Pulmonary toxicities were diagnosed based on either radiographic evidence or reduced pulmonary function, and were subdivided into IP and IPS based on the presence or absence of concurrent infection. RESULTS: Pulmonary toxicities developed in 36 patients (62%); 16 (28%) had IP and 20 (34%) had IPS. IP was significantly associated with increased treatment-related mortality (p = 0.028) and decreased survival (p = 0.039). Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk of developing IPS was significantly higher in patients who received stem cells from a matched unrelated donor than from a matched sibling donor (p = 0.021; hazard ratio [HR] = 12.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–110.30). Combining other conditioning agents with cyclophosphamide produced a higher tendency to develop IP (p = 0.064; HR = 6.19; 95% CI, 0.90–42.56). CONCLUSION: IP and IPS involve different risk factors and distinct pathogeneses that should be considered when planning treatments before and after TBI.

Factors associated with pulmonary toxicity after myeloablative conditioning using fractionated total body irradiation

PURPOSE: Pulmonary toxicities, including infectious pneumonia (IP) and idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), are serious side effects of total body irradiation (TBI) used for myeloablative conditioning. This study aimed to evaluate clinical factors associated with IP and IPS following TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent TBI before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2005 and 2014 were reviewed. Most patients (91%) received 12 Gy in 1.5 Gy fractions twice a day. Pulmonary toxicities were diagnosed based on either radiographic evidence or reduced pulmonary function, and were subdivided into IP and IPS based on the presence or absence of concurrent infection. RESULTS: Pulmonary toxicities developed in 36 patients (62%); 16 (28%) had IP and 20 (34%) had IPS. IP was significantly associated with increased treatment-related mortality (p = 0.028) and decreased survival (p = 0.039). Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk of developing IPS was significantly higher in patients who received stem cells from a matched unrelated donor than from a matched sibling donor (p = 0.021; hazard ratio [HR] = 12.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–110.30). Combining other conditioning agents with cyclophosphamide produced a higher tendency to develop IP (p = 0.064; HR = 6.19; 95% CI, 0.90–42.56). CONCLUSION: IP and IPS involve different risk factors and distinct pathogeneses that should be considered when planning treatments before and after TBI.

Observation of detection of serum calcitonin original (PCT) in the diagnosis of pediatric infectious pneumonia / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the serum calcitonin original (PCT) detection in the diagnosis of children with infectious pneumonia.Methods From March 2014 to April 2015,96 children with infectious pneumonia were selected,including bacterial pneumonia in 43 cases,26 cases of viral pneumonia,27 cases of Mycoplasma pneumonia.50 healthy children were selected as control group.All children received serum calcitonin original test,PCT test was applied in the diagnosis of children with infectious pneumonia.Results The PCT level in children with bacterial pneumonia group was(3.84±3.57)μg/L,which was obviously higher than (0.12±0.03)μg/L of healthy children,(0.74±0.13)μg/L of children with viral pneumonia and (1.07±0.08)μg/L of pure chlamydia pneumonia patients(F=6.120,P=0.013).Before treatment,the level of serum PCT in children with bacterial pneumonia was significantly higher than that in normal children[(3.84±3.57)μg/L vs.(0.12±0.03)μg/L,t=6.987,P=0.000].After treatment,the results of PCT detection in serum of children with bacterial pneumonia was significantly lower[(3.84±3.57)μg/L vs.(0.16±0.03)μg/L,t=6.978,P=0.000)].Conclusion Serum calcitonin original detection can effectively help the differential diagnosis of pediatric infectious pneumonia,has clinical application value.

Etiology and anti-infection treatment of severe infectious pneumonia in neonate / 中国小儿急救医学

The morbidity and mortality rate of neonatal infectious pneumonia take the first place in neonatal infectious diseases.Neonatal infectious pneumonia is also one of the main causes of neonatal death.Severe pneumonia could cause multiple organ inflammatory reaction and dysfunction.The etiology of neonatal severe infectious pneumonia is mainly exposure to pathogen and neonatal hypoimmunity.The passways inducing infection include prenatal,intrapartum and postpartum infection.Bacteria is the first pathogen in neonatal severe pneumonia and Gram-negative bacteria is the main pathogenic bacteria.The main bacteria of hospital acquired infection are enzyme production and multiple drug-resistant bacteria.Key treatment is reasonable anti-infection treatment.

The effects of probiotics on the stabilization of blood glucose and the mechanism in children with severe infectious pneumonia / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:To investigate the effects of probiotics on the stabilization of blood glucose and its mechanism in children with severe infectious pneumonia.Methods:Eighty children with severe infectious pneumonia admitted to PICU were enrolled in the clinical trial prospectively.They were divided into two groups by random.Forty patients given probiotics were regarded as treatment group,the others not given probiotics were considered to be controlled group,in addition to the regular therapy.Blood glucose,plasma H2 S,D-lactate and acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations in stools were measured respectively at the beginning of the treatment and on day 8 after the treatment.At the same time the changes of blood glucose,fluctuation of them and prognosis were examined.Results:There was no significance in all the parameters of the two groups at the beginning of the treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of plasma H2S and acetic acid,butyric acid in the stools of the probiotics group was (24.6 ± 7.4) μmol/L,(32.8 ± 8.6) μmol/g,(15.2 ± 5.2) μmoL/g on the day 8 respectively;but the concentration of these parameters in the control group was (20.9 ± 7.4) μ mol/L,(28.6 ± 7.9) μmol/g,(12.9 ± 5.0) μmoL/g.Meanwhile the level of D-lactate in patients given probiotics (1.25 ± 0.39) μg/ ml was significantly lower than that the control group (1.45 ± 0.4) μg/ml.The blood glucose (6.1 ± 2.7) mmol/L was lower than than in the other group (7.4 ± 2.7) mmol/L on day 8.And a higher recov ery rate was found in probiotic group.Furthermore,blood glucose and H2S,acetic acid levels expressed negative correlation at 8 day;but positive correlations were found between blood glucose and D-lactate (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Application of probiotics to children with severe infectious pneumonia can moderate the structure of enterobacteria,reinforce the intestinal barrier and elevate the levels of plasma H2S and had positive effects on the stabilization of blood glucose and prognosis.

Multicenter prospective epidemiological studies and case-control study on Haemophilus influenza ;infection in hospitalized neonates / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To explore the status of infection, biotype and resistant background of epi-demic strains of Haemophilus influenza ( Hi ) in neonates, and the clinical features of neonatal pneumonia caused by Hi. Methods The multicenter prospective epidemiological cross-sectional design was used; four hospitals in west Sichuan China were chosen as research field,sputum bacterial culture was done and biologi-cal typing,PCR identification and drug sensitivity test of Hi epidemic strains were carried out among 0 to 28 days hospitalized neonates with infectious pneumonia in four hospitals located in west Sichuan China. The ca-ses with discharge diagnosis of neonatal infectious pneumonia with Hi positive separation were assumed as case group,and the same number of cases with Hi negative separation were assumed as control group accord-ing to 1∶1 extraction at the same time. Results Totally 757 cases with admitting diagnosis of neonatal infec-tious pneumonia in four hospitals were investigated in west Sichuan from November 2014 to October 2015, and the rate of sputum culture was 95. 51%(723/757). The total pathogenic bacteria positive rate of sputum culture was 15. 63%(113/723),and Hi positive rate was 1. 94%(14/723),Hi accounting for 12. 39%(14/113) of the pathogenic bacteria in respiratory system. All the Hi strains(100%) were non-typeable Hae-mophilus influenzae( NTHi) indentified by PCR. The main biotypes of 14 Hi strains were typeⅠwith 57. 1%(8/14),type Ⅲ with 14. 3%(2/14) and type Ⅳ with 28. 6%(4/14). The total of 35. 7%(5/14) bacterial strains of β-lactamase distributed in four hospitals,7. 1%(1/14) bacterial strains of β-lactamase-nonproduc-ing-ampicillin-resistant,and 35. 7%(5/14) bacterial strains of β-lactamase-positive-ampicillin-resistant were found in four hospitals. The rate of resistance and mediation to cefuroxime were 14. 2%(2/14) respectively, the resistance rate to cefaclor was 35. 7%( 5/14 ) , and 21. 4%( 3/14 ) to ofloxacin. None of the 14 strains was resistant to amoxicillin clavulanic acid and cefotaxime. The 1∶1 matching analysis had been done for 10 cases with discharge diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia caused by Hi. There were no statistical differences in general conditions,main symptoms, lung signs, X-ray appearance, classification of leukocyte and C-reactive protein levels between case group and control group(P>0. 05). Conclusion All the Hi isolated from spu-tum were NTHi among 0 to 28 days inpatients with neonatal pneumonia and the main biotype were typeⅠ, type Ⅲand typeⅣin west Sichuan China. There were no significant differences in the clinical manifestations of neonatal pneumonia with NTHi infection and other infectious pneumonia.

Change of serum FIB ,PCT and hs-CRP in children patients with infectious pneumonia and its clinical significance / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To observe the change of serum fibrinogen(FIB) ,procalcitonin(PCT) and hypersensitve C reactive protein (hs-CRP) in children with infectious pneumonia and its clinical significance .Methods One hundred and four cases of children with bacterial infectious pneumonia (bacterial group) ,109 cases with non-bacterial infectious pneumonia(non-bacterial group) and 110 healthy children under going physical examination (control group) were included into this study ,the serum FIB ,PCT and hs-CRP level were observed in each group .Results The FIB ,PCT and hs-CRP levels in the bacterial group were higher than those in the non-bacterial group and control group (P0 .05) .The positive rate of combined detection of FIB ,PCT and hs-CRP in the non-bacterial group and bacterial group was significantly higher than that of single index detection (P<0 .05) .The FIB level in the bacterial group was positively correlated with PCT and hs-CRP(r=0 .445 ,0 .396 ,P<0 .05) .PCT and hs-CRP showed a positive correlation (r=0 .487 ,P=0 .021) .Conclusion The combined detection of FIB ,PCT and hs-CRP can effectively identify bacterial infection and non-bacterial infection and which has an important clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of pathogenic infection of pneumonia .

Effect of Human Immunoglobulin for Intravenous Injection in the treatment and intervention of neonatal infectious pneumonia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To discuss the effect of Human Immunoglobulin for Intravenous Injection in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia treatment and intervention. Methods 100 cases of newborns in our hospital from July 2015 to 2016 to receive the treatment of infectious pneumonia patients, and were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 50 cases in each group. The control group used routine treatment, the observation group on the basis of intravenous immunoglobulin and take corresponding nursing measures. The treatment were compared between the two groups of the total efficiency of disappearance of hospitalization time and pulmonary rales and difficulty breathing time. Results In the control group than the treatment in the observation group the total efficiency significantly comparison between the two groups of children have statistical significance(P<0.05); disappeared in the observation group hospitalization time and pulmonary rales and dyspnea was significantly better on time According to the group, there were significant differences between the two groups have statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion The use of Human Immunoglobulin for Intravenous Injection on the treatment of neonatal pneumonia, can effectively promote the treatment efficiency, and is helpful to the patient's recovery, worthy of promotion in clinical use.

Participation of Clinical Pharmacists in the Treatment of One Case of Adverse Reaction Induced by Trastu-zumab / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the participation of clinical pharmacists in drug treatment. Methods:Clinical pharmacists car-ried out pharmaceutical ward round, and understood the medication history of one breast cancer patient with postoperative pneumonia. They thought the induction possibility of trastuzumab likely to be non infectious pulmonary infiltration. Combined with the drug instruc-tions, relevant literatures and case report, they put forward suggestions for the medication, and participated in the formulation of drug therapy. Results:The suggestions of clinical pharmacists were adopted, and on the second day of methylprednisolone sodium succinate treatment, the symptoms of the patient were improved, and the results of the imaging examination also tended to be improved without recurrence. Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in the formulation of clinical medication has important significance for improving the level of clinical treatment.

Clinical value of combined detection of PCT,CRP and WBC in diagnosis of neonatal infectious pneumonia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of combined detection of procalcitonin (PCT ) ,C reaction protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC) count in diagnosis of neonatal infectious pneumonia .Methods A total of 137 cases of neonatal infectious pneumonia ,including bacterial infection group of 72 cases and non‐bacterial infection group of 65 cases ,were selected .Another 63 healthy neonatus were enrolled as control group .Levels of PCT ,CRP and WBC were measured .Results Levels and positive rates of PCT ,CRP and WBC in bacterial infection group were significantly higher than the other two groups (P<0 .05) .The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were higher than CRP and WBC .The sensitivity of combined detection were further increased .Conclusion Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PCT could be higher than CRP and WBC .Combined detection of PCT ,CRP and WBC might be with important clinical value for the differential diagnosis of neonatal infectious pneumonia and observation of curative effect .

Infectious pneumonia among COPD patients.

This communication described our experiences on pneumonia’s in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exclusive of bronchial asthma (based on cases admitted during the past three years at the Siriraj Hospital), compared to pneumonia’s in previously healthy persons. There were conspicuous discrepancies between the two groups of patients in respects to their clinical manifestations (symptoms, physical signs, chest radiographic features, complete blood counts and arterial blood gas analysis), microbiological profiles, medical treatment and outcome.